BOT/SROA Plant Breeding – General Part
Lecturers: Eva Křístková, Petr Smýkal
Lecture: 2 hours/week + exercise 1 hour/week
Credits: 6
Winter semester
Form of course completion: exam
- Genetic diversity (significance, protection).
- Conservation of plant germplasm, sources of plant material for the breeding.
- Role of plant breeding, its history and development in the world and in the Czech Republic.
- Biological and methodological principles of plant breeding (centers of origin of cultivated plant, sources of genetic diversity, influence of the way of plant propagation to the selection of breeding method).
- Fundamental principles, genetic structure of the cultivars, variability of cultivated plants, important features of cultivated plants.
- Conventional methods and techniques of plant breeding: selection (natural, controlled, individual, grouped, clone), crossing (techniques, lines, populations, plant heterozis, distant hybridization, pollen sterility, somatic hybridization).
- Utilization of haploids and polyploids in the plant breeding.
- Mutations in plant breeding (biological background, induction, detection of mutants).
- Genetic manipulations in plant breeding, transgenic plants, DNA fingerprinting. manipulation with genetically modified plants.
- Methods of plant breeding, quantitative and qualitative traits, heritability, selection indexes.
- Fundamentals of genomic technologies (principles, PCR, molecular hybridization, DNA cloning, order of bases in the cloned DNA, molecular markers, protein markers).
- Breeding aims (yield, quality, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors).
- Breeding technique (breeding nursery, documentation, data collection and processing), new-breeding, maintenance of cultivars.
- Organization of plant breeding and seed production, research, legislation.
